Вчимо англійську вдома. 9th grade. Lesson 35. Sciences and Scientists. Word Formation

Vocabulary:

to explore – [ɪksˈplɔːс] – досліджувати

an explorer – [ɪksˈplɔːrə] – дослідник

exploration – [ˌɛksplɔːˈreɪʃən] – дослідження

to observe – [əbˈzɜːv] – спостерігати

an observer – [əbˈzɜːvə] – спостерігач

observation – [ˌɒbzə(ː)ˈveɪʃən] – спостереження

to invent – [ɪnˈvɛnt] – винаходити

inventor – [ɪnˈvɛntə] – винахідник

an invention – [ɪnˈvɛnʃən] – винахід

a theory – [ˈθɪəri] – теорія

to construct – [kənˈstrʌkt] – споруджувати

to discover – [dɪsˈkʌvə] –  відкривати

to succeed in – [səkˈsiːd ɪn] – досягати успіху в

Noun (science)	Pronunciation	Translation	Noun (scientist)	Pronunciation	Translation
+ist
science	ˈsaɪəns	наука	scientist	ˈsaɪəntɪst	науковець
biology	baɪˈɒləʤi	біологія	biologist	baɪˈɒləʤɪst	біолог
physics	ˈfɪzɪks	фізика	physicist	ˈfɪzɪsɪst	фізик
botany	ˈbɒtəni	ботаніка	botanist	ˈbɒtənɪst	ботанік
geology	ʤɪˈɒləʤi	геологія	geologist	ʤɪˈɒləʤɪst	геолог
psychology	saɪˈkɒləʤi	психологія	psychologist	saɪˈkɒləʤɪst	психолог
physiology	ˌfɪzɪˈɒləʤi	фізіологія	physiologist	ˌfɪzɪˈɒləʤɪst	фізіолог
meteorology	ˌmiːtiəˈrɒləʤi	метеорологія	meteorologist	ˌmiːtiəˈrɒləʤɪst	метеоролог
linguistics	lɪŋˈgwɪstɪks	лінгвістика	linguist	ˈlɪŋgwɪst	лінгвіст
chemistry	ˈkɛmɪstri	хімія	chemist	ˈkɛmɪst	хімік
+ian
history	ˈhɪstəri	історія	historian	hɪsˈtɔːrɪən	історик
politics	ˈpɒlɪtɪks	політика	politician	ˌpɒlɪˈtɪʃən	політик
mathematics	ˌmæθɪˈmætɪks	математика	mathematician	ˌmæθɪməˈtɪʃən	математик
music	ˈmjuːzɪk	музика	musician	mju(ː)ˈzɪʃən	музикант
+er (or)
astronomy	əsˈtrɒnəmi	острономія	astronomer	əsˈtrɒnəmə	астроном

 

Word Formation:

There are four main kinds of word formation: prefixes, suffixes, conversion and compounds.

verb	noun	noun	adjective
to sleep	sleep	atom	atomic
to help	help	volcano	volcanic
to create	creation	danger	dangerous
to pollute	pollution	fame	famous
to train	training	person	personal
to recycle	recycling	origin	original
to believe	belief	power	powerful
to live	life	peace	peaceful
to discover	discovery	use	useless
to bake	bakery	harm	harmless
to develop	development	dirt	dirty
to achieve	achievement	fog	foggy

Practice:

1. Make up sentences using the first table in this lesson.

Example: A biologist is a person who deals with biology

A chemist _______

A physicist _______

A botanist _______

A geologist ______

A psychologist _______

A linguist _______

A physiologist ______

A historian _______

A politician _______

A mathematician _______

A musician _______

2. Match the sciences with their definitions (Ex.1, 3b, p. 124, 125 by Oksana Karpiuk's textbook).

 

chemistry	is the science about the earth, including the origin and history of rocks
biology	is the science about the structure of substances and how they react when they are combined
physics	is the science about plants and their structure
botany	is the science about the life of plants and animals
geology	is the science about matter and energy such as heat, light, sound, etc
astronomy	is the study of the way in which language works.
linguistics	is the science of the stars. It deals with the Earth, the Moon, the Sun and other planets
meteorology	is the science of mental life which studies human and animal behaviour.
psychology	deals with the scientific observation and study of the phenomena of weather and climate.

3. Tell about what scientists these people were (Ex. 3a, p. 125 by Oksana Karpiuk's textbook).