Informal letters are mainly used for
personal communication. They are written to close acquaintances of the writer,
their friends, family, relatives, etc. There is no set format when writing an
informal letter. But there is a general pattern, some conventions that people
usually follow.
(Приватні листи в основному використовуються для особистого
спілкування. Вони
пишуться близьким знайомим, їх друзям, родині, родичам і т.д. Під час написання
неофіційного листа немає встановленого формату. Але є загальна закономірність,
деякі умовності, яких зазвичай дотримуються люди.)
Address (адреса)
The first thing to write is your
address, i.e. the address of the writer. We usually write the address on the
left-hand side of the page at the very top. The address should be accurate and
complete. If the recipient of the letter is in another country, do not forget
to write your country as well in the address.
Example
Number and street name (1000
S. Grand Avenue)
City, state and postal code (Los
Angeles, CA 90015)
Country (United
States)
(Перше, що потрібно написати - це ваша адреса, тобто адреса
дописувача. Зазвичай ми пишемо адресу вгорі з лівого боку сторінки. Адреса
повинна бути точною та повною. Якщо одержувач листа перебуває в іншій країні,
не забудьте також вказати свою країну.)
Date (дата)
The date is usually located below
your own address. The most common way to write the date includes the month, day
and year. Sometimes, only the month and day are sufficient. In English, the
names of months are always capitalized, but there are some differences in
formatting between American English and British English.
(Дата зазвичай розташована нижче вашої власної адреси.
Найпоширеніший спосіб написання дати включає місяць, день та рік. Іноді
достатньо лише місяця і дня. В англійській мові назви місяців завжди пишуться з
великої літери, але є деякі відмінності у написанні дати в американській та британській
мовах.)
Greeting (привітання)
There are a few things that you should know in terms of
addressing someone properly in an informal lеtter.
First, British English does not employ the use of a period
after abbreviated titles, but American English does.
(Є кілька правил, які ви повинні знати, як правильно
звертатися до когось у приватному листі. По-перше, в британській англійській не
ставиться крапка після скорочень, на відміну від американської.)
Mr Johnson
(British English)
Mr. Johnson (American
English)
Secondly, if you are sending a letter to a
married woman, the correct abbreviation is "Mrs" and if you are
sending an letter to a non-married woman, the correct abbreviation is "Ms"
(По-друге, якщо ви надсилаєте лист одруженій жінці, правильна
абревіатура - "Mrs", а якщо ви надсилаєте лист жінці, що не заміжня,
правильна абревіатура - " Ms ".)
Mrs
Johnson is the wife of Mr Johnson - Місіс Джонсон - дружина
містера Джонсона
Ms Johnson and her fiance will be married this summer – Міс Джонсон та її наречений будуть одружені
цього літа
Be sure to never forget the comma after the name.
(Не забудьте
поставити кому після імені.)
Dear Alex,
Dear Mom,
Mr…, or Mrs…,
Dear Mrs. Alex,
Introduction Paragraph (вступ)
The introductory paragraph sets the
tone for the whole letter. You might begin by asking the recipient about their
well being. Or you may say that you hope the letter finds them in good health
and great spirits.
(Вступ задає тон усьому листу. Ви можете розпочати,
запитавши одержувача про самопочуття. Або ви можете сказати, що сподіваєтесь,
що лист знайде їх у міцному здоров'ї та у відмінному настрої.
How
are you? – Як справи?
How
have you been? – Як поживаєш?
How
is life treating you? – Як життя?
I
hope you are doing well. – Сподіваюся, у тебе все гаразд.
Body of the Letter (основна частина)
Subjects to Include in the Body:
- State your reason for writing (Сформулюйте свою причину для написання)
- Expand on
what you mentioned in the first paragraph (Розкрийте
те, що ви згадали у першому абзаці)
- Ask about the
person you are writing to (Запитайте про
людину, якій ви пишете)
- Make some
concluding remarks (Зробіть кілька
заключних зауважень)
- Invite the
person to write back (Запропонуйте
людині написати вам)
Conclusion (висновок)
In the conclusive paragraph sum up
the reason for writing the letter, i.e. summarize the letter. Say a meaningful
and affectionate goodbye to the reader. And do not forget to invite the reader
to write back or reply to your letter. It shows an intention to keep the
conversation going.
(У висновку підсумуйте причину написання листа.
Попрощайтесь. І не забудьте запропонувати читачеві написати або відповісти на
ваш лист. Це показує намір продовжувати розмову.)
I can’t wait to
hear back from you. – Не можу дочекатися на твою відповідь.
I can't wait to
see you soon. – Не терпиться скоро тебе побачити.
I look forward
to hearing from you. – З нетерпінням чекаю на твою відповідь.
I am looking
forward to hearing from you soon. – З нетерпінням чекаю на твою скору відповідь.
I am looking
forward to seeing you. – З нетерпінням чекаю на нову зустріч.
I hope to hear
from you soon. – Сподіваюся на скору відповідь.
I hope you are
doing well. - Сподіваюся, з тобою все гаразд.
Give my regards
to... – Передавай привітання…
Send my love
to… - Передавай привітання…
See you soon! –
До скорого!
Signature (підпис)
There is no one way to sign off
informal letters. Pick the one that best suits the occasion and then simply
sign your name below the greeting.
Some commonly used phrases are
(Немає жодного визначеного способу підписувати приватні
листи. Виберіть ту, яка найбільше відповідає нагоді, а потім просто підпишіть
своє ім’я під привітанням. Деякі поширені фрази:)
Lots of Love – з любов'ю
Best – всього
найкращого
Best Wishes – з найкращими побажаннями
Kind Regards – з найкращими побажаннями
Kindly - ласкаво
Practice:
1. Read and translate different types
of informal letter
A letter to
your friend congratulating him/her on his/her success in class 12 board exam.
B-32,
sector-11
Rohini
New Delhi-110034
July 10, 2018
Dear Muskan
My happiness knew no bounds when I got to know
that you have topped your school and achieved your dream. I felt so pleased
that I wish I were there to congratulate you personally.
The result has proved that hard work, determination
and perseverance bring good results. You were so laborious and passionate about
it. I know you were very nervous too, but I was always very confident that you
would come out with flying colours. I apologise that I couldn’t even attend the
celebration party despite my wishes.
Hope to see you soon. Please be encouraged and
continue your hard work. Your future is very bright. My parents and elder
sister have sent lots of love and heartiest congratulations.
With lots of love and best wishes.
Yours lovingly
Shefali
A letter to
your friend describing your boarding school.
B-32,
sector-11
Rohini
New
Delhi-110085
April 15,
2018
Dear Muskan
How have you been? I hope my letter finds you in
best of health and spirits. It has been almost a month I transferred to the
boarding school. I am very happy in my new school. The classes and dormitories
are very spacious. There are well equipped science laboratories and a library
with a great collection of books. The school has amazing sports facilities such
as swimming pool, horse riding track and archery range.
I believe my life here will be interesting and
enjoyable. Although I have made many new friends, I still miss you and the
other friends. Please, pay my regards to your parents.
Yours sincerely
Aakriti/ Abhinav
A letter to
your friend Rudra inviting him to spend the summer vacation at your place in
Mumbai.
129, Navyug
Apartments
Pitampura
Delhi-110034
March 01,
2019
Dear Rudra
It’s been a while since I’ve heard from you.
Where have you been? I hope this letter finds you in the best of your health.
As summers are approaching, I was thinking if we
could spend the summer break together at my place in Mumbai. I will introduce
you to all my friends and close relatives. I will give you a city tour as well.
We will spend some quality time in the afternoons near the sea shore. To add
cherry on the cake, the weather here is very pleasant during those days due to
sea winds.
I am excited even at the thought of you and I
spending the summer together after so long. I have to tell you a lot of things
and expect the same from you. Give my regards to aunty and uncle!
Hope to see you soon.
Yours lovingly
Sakshi/Saksham
A letter to
your friend who just met with an accident informing him about his speedy
recovery in a consoling tone.
129, Navyug
Apartments
Pitampura
Delhi-110034
March 01,
2019
Dear Rudra
I hope this letter finds you in the best of
spirits. When I visited last week, you seemed a little bit depressed.
Come on boy, you should thank God for giving you
a fresh lease of life. Everything is going to be fine very soon. I even talked
to your doctor this morning and he told me that you are out of danger now. You
will have to remain in the hospital for a few more days but that is not
something you should be concerned about. Your family and friends are there for
you.
Don’t forget that life is a mixture of joys and
sorrows. By the way, all of us have decided to celebrate your recovery as soon
as you come home you will be throwing a party the day you come back home from
the hospital. Hope to see you soon. My parents and younger sister have sent you
lots of love and wishes.
Wish you a speedy recovery!
Yours truly
Manvi/Manav
A letter to
your friend congratulating him for his new job offer. He just graduated from
college.
B-101
Regency
apartments
New Bombay
28 December
2018
Dear Vishnu
I just heard that you have received a new job. I
couldn’t be happier for you. Congratulations!
I know it is not easy to get a good job in this
troubled job market. It is particularly tough for a fresh graduate with hardly
any work experience. The resourcefulness you displayed in your job search is
commendable. You have inspired me and a lot others that “Where there is a will,
there is definitely a way.” You have made us all proud, Vishnu!
I am quite confident that your knowledge of
computer and artistic skills will make you a great graphics designer. I expect
to hear great news coming from your direction in the coming years. May you
fulfil all your dreams.
Best wishes.
Yours truly
Sara/ Sid
A letter to
your friend appreciating his book that he wrote in Bangalore while pursuing his
writing career.
B-101
Regency
apartments
New Bombay
28 December
2018
Dear Vishnu
How has life been treating you? I am writing you
this letter to tell you how proud I am of you. I read your novel and I
thoroughly enjoyed it. Well done!
The speech and the flow in which it is written is
commendable. I really liked your choice of words. I know that most of your
books are inspired from actual life experiences, and this book clearly
demonstrates how committed and hard working you’ve been. It is doing absolute
justice to what you’ve gone through and how well you have handled it.
My friend, since you left for Bangalore to pursue
your writing career, we have drifted apart, unfortunately. I hope we can start
a correspondence here and meet soon one day.
Hope you fulfil your dreams. Remember, sky is the
limit.
Yours lovingly
Robert/ Robina
Test
yourself:
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